Galia melons are in season now. They are more luscious than honeydew melons. Both have a similar green color. They are exquisite.

[www.specialtyproduce.com]
Unlike many other melon varieties the tenderness of the stem end of the melon is not a good indicator of ripeness, rather, ripeness should be determined by color and development of a distinct musky aroma. The more orange in color the exterior skin of the Gaila melon the higher the sugar content of the melon’s flesh will be

Tai's comment:
Not all Galia melons have a yellow skin. Some look like cantaloupe on the outside (a kind of tan exterior). They do give off a smell when ripe.

[www.johnnyseeds.com]
this shows at least two varieties but there are more.

[www.naturalfoodseries.com]
1. Works as an Energy Booster

Galia melons can become a healthy alternative to energy drinks. This mouth-watering fruit contains vitamin B, which is responsible to produce energy in the body. It is necessary as it processes carbs and sugar that is present in the food you consume. An energetic body is a healthy body, therefore; include Galia melons in your daily diet to get substantial energy.
2. It Maintains Kidney Health

Proper urinary flow is important to maintain healthy kidneys. Since Galia melons are packed with diuretic properties, it relieves gout inflammation. You can even consume a drink made with Galia melon and lemon juice. This drink is known to flush out toxins from your body. Moreover, consuming Galia melon in any form ensures healthy kidneys. Hence, include it in your daily diet to avoid kidney problems.
3. Galia Melon Helps in Weight Loss

Weight loss has become a primary problem. Many experts suggest eating fresh fruits and vegetables to maintain body weight. And adding Galia melon to your salads can do wonders. It is ideal for weight loss due to the low content of sodium in it. Galia melons are fat and cholesterol free. Its natural sweetness reduces your cravings for sugary drinks and foods. You can always replace your chocolates and cupcakes with a big chunk of Galia melon. The higher water content in the fruit keeps you full for longer hours. You can eat Galia melon at any time of the day since the single serving of it contains only 48 calories.
4. Reduces Clotting of Blood Cells

Maintaining a healthy heart is necessary for your overall health. Besides working out or performing outdoor activities, maintaining a good diet is also crucial to enhanced cardiovascular health. Galia melon contains an anticoagulant called adenosine, which impedes the clotting of blood cells. This clotting is dangerous as it may cause a stroke or other heart diseases. Eating Galia melon lowers the chance of the heart problems by ensuring smooth blood flow in the body. It also relieves heartburn.
5. It has Anti-Cancer Properties

Cancer is one of the most unpredictable diseases. And it is said to be effective to consume foods that contains anti-cancer enzymes and components. Being high in carotenoids, Galia melon can prevent the symptoms of cancer by eliminated free radical cells that cause cancerous symptoms in the first place.
6. It Relieves Digestive Problems

Galia melons can treat digestive problems and it is safe for children and adults alike. It facilitates bowel movement. This fruit has a high water content that not just prevents indigestion, but reduces acidity as well. Moreover, the fiber presents in the Galia melons also soothe stomach that often causes gastrointestinal problems.
7. For Strong Immune System

The immune system works as a shield against bacteria and germs that cause several illnesses. Being enriched with vitamin C, Galia melon strengthens the immune system. This fruit also contains carotenoids and bioflavonoids, which function as antioxidants. Hence, eating Galia melon provides these antioxidants to your body that are essential in maintaining a stronger immune system.
8. It is Healthy for Vision

There could be a number of reasons behind weak eyesight. But Galia melon has properties that protect your eyes from further damage. These melons are a great source of vitamin A. It has carotenoids that ensure better health of your eyes. Galia melons are enriched with beta-carotene that prevents cataracts, risks of the lutea to UV-rays, and macular degeneration.
9. It Prevents Diabetes

Diabetes is another threatening illness. The possibility of diabetes is even present in the young adults. You can reduce risks of diabetes by consuming Galia melon as it is known to prevent it. This fruit contains a huge number of pectin and dietary fiber that controls glucose levels in your bloodstream from the sugars and carbs we consume. Moreover, sugary food and drink are usually not allowed to diabetic patients. This sweet flavored fruit can also satisfy their sweet cravings.
10. High in Folic Acid

After water content, Galia melons are loaded with folic acid and other nutrients that are required during pregnancy. These components help in maintaining the health of the mother and the fetus. Galia melons have all the vitamins and antioxidants that are essential for pregnant women. Hence, it works as a whole meal for them that provide Vitamins A, B, and C along with folic acid. Although this fruit does not have any adverse effects it is safe if expectant mothers can refer to their physicians before consuming Galia melon.
11. Galia Melons have Anti- Aging Benefits

The appearance of fine lines and wrinkles are troublesome. These are nothing less than a nightmare. Women can maintain healthy and youthful skin by including Galia melons in their fresh salads. It is refreshing and full of vitamin A, vitamin B, and vitamin C. These vitamins are skin-friendly and delay the aging process. Due to the higher water content in it, it flushes out toxins from the body, which gives a natural glow on your skin as well. You can even use it on the skin. Simply, place the thinly cut slices on the face and neck. Let them stay for 15 to 20 minutes then rinse off as you normally would. This process is a quick and an effective way to refresh your skin.

[en.wikipedia.org]

Developed in Israel at the Ne´ve Yaar Research Center of the Agricultural Research Organisation by the melon breeder Dr. Zvi Karchi,[1] and released in 1973, the Galia melon was named after Karchi's daughter, whose name means "God's wave" in Hebrew.[2]

[www.kqed.org]
Galia: Another Israeli melon, Galia is a hybrid cross of Ha’Ogen and the Russian melon Krymka. Galia has pale green flesh with a spicy, sweet flavor and a banana-like aroma. Look for orange hues in the skin, a sign of high sugar content. Galias pair well with ginger or mint.

Tai's comment
high sugar content is shown more by the tight ribbing. The less the ribbing, the less sweet the melon. Some people don't like supersweet, so choose the looser ribbing. But maybe orange hues are another hint. I will look into that.

The more orange in color the exterior skin of the Gaila melon the higher the sugar content of the melon’s flesh will be 

Tai
Well that seems to be true actually. One of my melons got lost and I found it 2 weeks later and it had turned yellow on the outside and it was much sweeter than the other ones less ripe.

I like Galia melons because I have a better chance of finding a ripe Galia versus finding a ripe honeydew. Any melon that is fully ripened is quite excellent.

I did not know the name but they are my favorite.

Heaven begins on Earth.

Prana:
I like Galia melons because I have a better chance of finding a ripe Galia versus finding a ripe honeydew

Tai
Honeydews are in season now. Here are some tips to pick a ripe one:

[serendipityandspice.com]
How to pick the perfect honeydew:

Squeeze the ends of the honeydew melon. You want them to have a little bit of a give to it, as that means it’s ripe.
Look at the color of the outside of the honeydew melon. The more yellow it is, the better. Look for a golden hue to it.
The skin will have almost a sticky texture when it’s at its ripest.
Brown spots on the rind of a honeydew melon are kind of like brown spots on a banana. That’s where the fruit is the sweetest. So don’t shy away from a few brown spots.
Weight matters, too. Because melons consist of mostly water, you want one that is heavier than it appears. This will be the juiciest melon.
Use all of your senses when checking your honeydew melon. Give it a smell. If it has a nice, pleasant aroma, then it’s going to taste good too.
Now give a listen. Hold the honeydew melon up to your ear and shake it side to side. If you can hear the seeds rolling around in there, then it’s ripe.
Give it a tap. A hollow sound means the melon is ripe.
If you find an orange-fleshed honeydew, that’s okay. This is a new kind of honeydew which is easier to tell if it’s ripe. The more orange it is, the better. However, be warned – it might not have as sweet of a taste as your typical honeydew melon.
If a honeydew melon is picked too soon (before it turns yellow), it will never ripen. They’re best avoided past August because you probably aren’t going to get a very tasty melon after than unless you live in California where they are grown.